Reusing Solar Cells Fragments in Retrofitting Existing Building Envelopes in Egypt toward Increasing Energy Effectiveness (Systematic Literature Review)

This systematic literature review investigates the potential of reusing solar cell fragments in retrofitting existing building envelopes to enhance energy effectiveness. Current practices focus primarily on new solar photovoltaic (PV) installations and envelope improvements like glazing upgrades, which reduce cooling loads by 20 kWh in summer conditions. However, high initial costs remain a barrier to widespread adoption. The concept of repurposing solar cell fragments—derived from damaged or end-of-life panels—offers a dual solution: reducing waste while providing low-cost material for building-integrated solar applications. Evidence suggests that even fragmented solar elements could contribute to Egypt's energy goals, particularly when integrated with architectural treatments on façades. Challenges include efficiency optimization and standardization, but the approach aligns with circular economy principles and could significantly lower retrofitting costs while supporting Egypt's sustainable development targets.